Can ICE Arrest You at a California Courthouse?
Historically, immigration enforcement officers exercised 'courthouse sanctuary' as a matter of policy — avoiding arrests in courthouses to protect the integrity of the judicial process. In recent years, that policy has changed, and courthouse arrests have increased. California has enacted protections, but federal ICE operations are not bound by state law.
Reviewed by Gracie Johnson, Certified Specialist in Immigration and Nationality Law, State Bar of California, California State Bar #276536
Last reviewed: July 2, 2026
Under the Trump administration's 2025 enforcement policies, ICE enforcement in and around federal, state, and local courthouses has been explicitly authorized. ICE has arrested people appearing in California state courts, federal courts, and even family law and traffic court proceedings.
California has enacted AB 1889 (California Government Code § 68150 et seq.) which prohibits immigration enforcement within California state courthouses and their immediate premises without a judicial warrant. However, this only applies to state and local law enforcement — not to federal ICE agents. ICE is not bound by state law and can operate in and around any courthouse.
The practical risk is highest for people who have: outstanding orders of removal, prior deportations, or are known to ICE due to prior encounters. If you have any of these factors and need to appear in court for any reason, consult an immigration attorney before your court date to understand and minimize the risk.
Do not avoid court dates because of fear of ICE. Failing to appear for criminal or civil court proceedings can result in warrants, contempt, and greater immigration exposure. Contact Gracie Johnson Law at (310) 554-4630 to plan before any courthouse appearance.
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Also available in Spanish: ¿Puede ICE Arrestarlo en un Tribunal de California?